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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Devizes</span></span>
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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the constituency, see <a href="Devizes_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Devizes (UK Parliament constituency)">Devizes (UK Parliament constituency)</a>.</div>
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</style><table class="infobox ib-uk-place vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org nowrap">Devizes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="category"><a href="Market_town" title="Market town">Market town</a> and <a href="Civil_parish" title="Civil parish">civil parish</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><div><a href="Market_Place%2C_Devizes" title="Market Place, Devizes">Market Place</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><div>Arms of Devizes</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1291884410">
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</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Devizes</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">Unitary&nbsp;authority</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Wiltshire_(district)" title="Wiltshire (district)">Wiltshire</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial&nbsp;county</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="South_West_England" title="South West England">South West</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="England" title="England">England</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign&nbsp;state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Post_town" title="Post town">Post town</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Devizes</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode&nbsp;district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="SN_postcode_area" title="SN postcode area">SN10</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling&nbsp;code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">01380</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom%2C_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Wiltshire_Police" title="Wiltshire Police">Wiltshire</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Dorset_%26_Wiltshire_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Dorset &amp; Wiltshire Fire and Rescue Service">Dorset and Wiltshire</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="South_Western_Ambulance_Service" title="South Western Ambulance Service">South Western</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">
</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK&nbsp;Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Melksham_and_Devizes_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Melksham and Devizes (UK Parliament constituency)">Melksham and Devizes</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.devizes-tc.gov.uk/">Town Council</a></span></td></tr><tr></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Devizes</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span></span>/</span></span>) is a <a href="Market_town" title="Market town">market town</a> and <a href="Civil_parish" title="Civil parish">civil parish</a> in <a href="Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a>, England. It developed around <a href="Devizes_Castle" title="Devizes Castle">Devizes Castle</a>, an 11th-century <a href="Norman_architecture" title="Norman architecture">Norman</a> castle,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and received a charter in 1141. The castle was besieged during <a href="The_Anarchy" title="The Anarchy">the Anarchy</a>, a 12th-century civil war between <a href="Stephen_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen of England">Stephen of England</a> and <a href="Empress_Matilda" title="Empress Matilda">Empress Matilda</a>, and again during the <a href="English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a> when the <a href="Cavalier" title="Cavalier">Cavaliers</a> lifted the siege at the <a href="Battle_of_Roundway_Down" title="Battle of Roundway Down">Battle of Roundway Down</a> and the <a href="Roundhead" title="Roundhead">Parliamentarian</a> Army of the West under Sir <a href="William_Waller" title="William Waller">William Waller</a> was routed.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Devizes remained under Royalist control until 1645, when <a href="Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> attacked and forced the Royalists to surrender. The castle was <a href="Slighting" title="Slighting">destroyed</a> in 1648 on the orders of Parliament, and today little remains of it.
</p><p>From the 16th century Devizes became known for its textiles, and by the early 18th century it held the largest corn market in the <a href="West_Country" title="West Country">West Country</a>, constructing the <a href="Corn_Exchange%2C_Devizes" title="Corn Exchange, Devizes">Corn Exchange</a> in 1857. In the 18th century, <a href="Brewing" title="Brewing">brewing</a>, curing of tobacco, and <a href="Snuff_(tobacco)" title="Snuff (tobacco)">snuff</a>-making were established. The <a href="Wadworth_Brewery" title="Wadworth Brewery">Wadworth Brewery</a> was founded in the town in 1875.
</p><p>Standing at the west edge of the <a href="Vale_of_Pewsey" title="Vale of Pewsey">Vale of Pewsey</a>, Devizes is about 10.5 miles (16.9&nbsp;km) southeast of <a href="Chippenham" title="Chippenham">Chippenham</a> and 11 miles (18&nbsp;km) north-east of the <a href="County_town" title="County town">county town</a> of <a href="Trowbridge" title="Trowbridge">Trowbridge</a>. The town has nearly five hundred <a href="Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed buildings</a>, some notable churches, a town hall and a green in the centre.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>
<p><a href="Devizes_Castle" title="Devizes Castle">Devizes Castle</a> was built by <a href="Saint_Osmund" title="Saint Osmund">Osmund</a>, <a href="Bishop_of_Salisbury" title="Bishop of Salisbury">Bishop of Salisbury</a> in 1080, but the town is not mentioned in the <a href="Domesday_Book" title="Domesday Book">Domesday Book</a> of 1086. Because the castle was on the boundaries of the <a href="Manorialism" title="Manorialism">manors</a> of <a href="Rowde" title="Rowde">Rowde</a>, <a href="Bishops_Cannings" title="Bishops Cannings">Bishops Cannings</a> and <a href="Potterne" title="Potterne">Potterne</a> it became known as the <i>castrum ad divisas</i> ("the castle at the boundaries"), hence the name <i>Devizes</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On <a href="John_Speed" title="John Speed">John Speed</a>'s map of <a href="Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a> (1611), the town's name is recorded as <i>The Devyses</i>. The first castle on the site was of the <a href="Motte_and_bailey" class="mw-redirect" title="Motte and bailey">motte and bailey</a> form and was probably made of wood and earth, but this burnt down in 1113.
</p><p>A new castle was built in stone by <a href="Roger_of_Salisbury" title="Roger of Salisbury">Roger of Salisbury</a>, Osmund's successor. Devizes received its first <a href="Charter" title="Charter">charter</a> in 1141, permitting regular markets. The castle changed hands several times during <a href="The_Anarchy" title="The Anarchy">the Anarchy</a>, a civil war between <a href="Stephen_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen of England">Stephen of Blois</a> and <a href="Empress_Maud" class="mw-redirect" title="Empress Maud">Matilda</a> in the 12th century. The castle held important prisoners, including (from 1106) <a href="Robert_Curthose" title="Robert Curthose">Robert Curthose</a>, eldest son of <a href="William_the_Conqueror" title="William the Conqueror">William the Conqueror</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The town has had churches since the 12th century<sup id="cite_ref-vch-relig_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and today has four <a href="Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> <a href="Parish_church" title="Parish church">parish churches</a>.
</p><p>During the 12th and 13th centuries, the town of Devizes developed outside the castle with craftsmen and traders setting up businesses to serve the residents of the castle. The first known market in Devizes was in 1228. The original market was in the large space outside St Mary's Church, rather than in the current <a href="Market_Place%2C_Devizes" title="Market Place, Devizes">Market Place</a>, which at that time would have been within the castle's outer bailey.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chief products in the 16th and early 17th centuries were wheat, wool and yarn, with cheese, bacon and butter increasing in importance later.
</p>

<p>In 1643, during the <a href="English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a>, <a href="Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliamentary</a> forces under Sir <a href="William_Waller" title="William Waller">William Waller</a> besieged <a href="Cavalier" title="Cavalier">Royalist</a> forces under Sir <a href="Ralph_Hopton" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph Hopton">Ralph Hopton</a> in Devizes. The <a href="Siege" title="Siege">siege</a> was lifted by a relief force from <a href="Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a> under <a href="Henry_Wilmot%2C_1st_Earl_of_Rochester" title="Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester">Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester</a>, and Waller's forces were almost totally destroyed at the <a href="Battle_of_Roundway_Down" title="Battle of Roundway Down">Battle of Roundway Down</a>. Devizes remained under Royalist control until 1645, when <a href="Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> attacked and forced the Royalists to surrender. The castle was destroyed in 1648 on the orders of Parliament, a process known as <a href="Slighting" title="Slighting">slighting</a>, and today little remains of it; almost all of the present structure is from the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>From the 16th century, Devizes became known for its textiles:<sup id="cite_ref-vch_trade_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch_trade-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> initially white woollen <a href="Broadcloth" title="Broadcloth">broadcloth</a> but later the manufacture of <a href="Serge_(fabric)" title="Serge (fabric)">serge</a>, <a href="Drugget" title="Drugget">drugget</a>, <a href="Felt" title="Felt">felt</a>, and cassimere or <a href="Zephyr_cloth" class="mw-redirect" title="Zephyr cloth">Zephyr cloth</a>. In the mid 18th century, Devizes held the largest corn market in the <a href="West_Country" title="West Country">West Country</a> of England and also traded hops, cattle, horses and various types of cloth.<sup id="cite_ref-vch_trade_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch_trade-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before the Corn Exchange was built in 1857, the trade in wheat and barley was conducted in the open, with sacks piled around the <a href="Market_cross" title="Market cross">market cross</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Haycock92_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haycock92-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="Market_Cross%2C_Devizes" title="Market Cross, Devizes">cross erected in 1814</a> displays the tale of a woman, Ruth Pierce, who dropped dead suddenly after being discovered cheating.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Prosperous <a href="Wool" title="Wool">wool</a> merchants built <a href="Town_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Town house">town houses</a> in St. John's and Long Street, and around the market place. From the end of the 18th century the manufacture of textiles declined, but other trades in the town included clock-making, a <a href="Bellfounding" title="Bellfounding">bell foundry</a>, booksellers, <a href="Hatmaking" title="Hatmaking">milliners</a>, grocers and silversmiths. In the 18th, century brewing, curing of tobacco and <a href="Snuff_(tobacco)" title="Snuff (tobacco)">snuff</a>-making were established in the town. Brewing survives in the <a href="Wadworth_Brewery" title="Wadworth Brewery">Wadworth Brewery</a>, but the tobacco and snuff trades have now died out.
</p>

<p>The pond known as The Crammer, east of the town centre, is claimed to be site of the 18th-century <a href="Moonrakers" title="Moonrakers">Moonrakers</a> story which led to a colloquial name for Wiltshire people.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In 1794, a meeting at the <a href="Bear_Hotel%2C_Devizes" title="Bear Hotel, Devizes">Bear Hotel</a> decided to raise a body of ten independent troops of yeomanry in the county of Wiltshire. These would later be brought together to form the <a href="Royal_Wiltshire_Yeomanry" title="Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry">Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry</a>, the senior yeomanry regiment. In 1810 the county militia, quartered at Devizes, mutinied and the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry were called out to quell the disturbances. The mutiny came to a head when the two forces faced off against each other with loaded firearms in the Market Square, at which point the militia ringleaders surrendered.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry went on to serve at home and abroad, including in the <a href="Boer_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Boer War">Boer War</a>, both World Wars, and live on as B (RWY) Squadron and Y (RWY) Squadron of the <a href="Royal_Wessex_Yeomanry" title="Royal Wessex Yeomanry">Royal Wessex Yeomanry</a>, based in Old Sarum and Swindon respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>A new <a href="Devizes_Prison" class="mw-redirect" title="Devizes Prison">Devizes Prison</a>, or County House of Corrections, was opened in 1817. This replaced the <a href="Village_lock-up" title="Village lock-up">Bridewell</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that had been built in Bridewell Street in 1579. The new prison was built of brick and stone, and was designed by <a href="Richard_Ingleman" title="Richard Ingleman">Richard Ingleman</a> as a two-storey <a href="Polygon" title="Polygon">polygon</a> surrounding a central governor's house. It had an operational life of more than ninety years and was closed in 1922. It stood on the north side of the Castle's Old Park, across the <a href="Kennet_and_Avon_Canal" title="Kennet and Avon Canal">Kennet and Avon Canal</a> by way of a bridge still called Prison Bridge. The House of Corrections was demolished by 1928.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Devizes has more than 500 listed buildings, a large number for a town of its size. The Trust for Devizes has a Town Trail map which provides a guide to many of them.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 17 Market Place is a substantial <a href="Listed_building#Categories_of_listed_building" title="Listed building">Grade I listed</a> house from the early 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the centre of the Market Place is the <a href="Market_Cross%2C_Devizes" title="Market Cross, Devizes">Market Cross</a>, rebuilt in 1814 to designs of <a href="James_Wyatt" title="James Wyatt">James Wyatt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Brownston_House" title="Brownston House">Brownston House</a> is another Grade I house, on New Park Street; it has been home to four MPs and two Army Generals from 1700, and housed a young ladies' boarding school from 1859 to 1901. It was conserved in 1976 by Wiltshire Council and is now a business head office.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heathcote House on the Green in Devizes is a Grade II* listed building; its history is associated with the church and education.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No 8 Long Street was the house of the clothier Samuel Powell, as well as Admiral <a href="Joseph_Needham_Tayler" title="Joseph Needham Tayler">Joseph Tayler</a>, one of the inspirations for <a href="C.S._Forester" class="mw-redirect" title="C.S. Forester">C.S. Forester</a>'s fictional hero <a href="Horatio_Hornblower" title="Horatio Hornblower">Horatio Hornblower</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Southbroom_House" title="Southbroom House">Southbroom House</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> close to the Green, was built in 1501, then burnt down and was rebuilt by the Eyles family in 1772; it is now at the heart of <a href="Devizes_School" title="Devizes School">Devizes School</a>.
</p><p>The town was a coaching stop for <a href="Mail_coach" title="Mail coach">mail coaches</a> and <a href="Stagecoaches" class="mw-redirect" title="Stagecoaches">stagecoaches</a> on the road from London to <a href="Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a>, as evidenced by the number of <a href="Coaching_inn" title="Coaching inn">coaching inns</a> in the town. The Kennet and Avon Canal, fully open by 1810, passes close to the centre of the town. The town gained a <a href="Devizes_railway_station" title="Devizes railway station">railway station</a> in 1857 but the line was closed in 1966.
</p>

<p>In 1853 the <a href="Wiltshire_Archaeological_and_Natural_History_Society" title="Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society">Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society</a> was founded in the town, and later opened a museum in Long Street. Now called the <a href="Wiltshire_Museum" title="Wiltshire Museum">Wiltshire Museum</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its collections are designated as being of national significance. The museum has extensive <a href="Bronze_Age_Britain" title="Bronze Age Britain">Bronze Age</a> collections and includes finds from the <a href="Stonehenge_and_Avebury_World_Heritage_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Stonehenge and Avebury World Heritage Site">Stonehenge and Avebury World Heritage Site</a>, including <a href="West_Kennet_Long_Barrow" title="West Kennet Long Barrow">West Kennet Long Barrow</a>, <a href="Marden_Henge" title="Marden Henge">Marden Henge</a> and <a href="Bush_Barrow" title="Bush Barrow">Bush Barrow</a>. There are plans to move the museum into the Grade II* listed former <a href="Devizes_Assize_Court" title="Devizes Assize Court">Devizes Assize Court</a>, northwest of the town centre, where facilities for community events will also be provided.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>There was a military presence in the town at <a href="Le_Marchant_Barracks" title="Le Marchant Barracks">Le Marchant Barracks</a>, from 1878 until the 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In 1999, a <a href="Hill_figure" title="Hill figure">hill figure</a> of a white horse was cut onto a hill close to <a href="Roundway_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Roundway Hill">Roundway Hill</a>. Known as the <a href="Devizes_White_Horse" title="Devizes White Horse">Devizes White Horse</a>, it replaced an earlier one which was cut in 1845.
</p><p>In 2014, the town celebrated the 200th anniversary of the Market Cross, marked by <a href="Viscount_Sidmouth" title="Viscount Sidmouth">Viscount Sidmouth</a> and his cousin, <a href="High_Sheriff_of_Wiltshire" title="High Sheriff of Wiltshire">High Sheriff of Wiltshire</a> Peter Addington.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2></div>
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<p>Devizes lies about 90 miles (140&nbsp;km) west-southwest of <a href="Central_London" title="Central London">Central London</a>, almost 2° west of the <a href="Greenwich_Meridian" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenwich Meridian">Greenwich Meridian</a>, with the two-degree line running through the western edge of the town, just a few hundred yards west of the castle. As this is the centre of the east–west extent of the <a href="Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a> mapping grid, <a href="True_North" class="mw-redirect" title="True North">True North</a> and <a href="Grid_north" class="mw-redirect" title="Grid north">Grid north</a> align exactly in Devizes.
</p><p>Towns close to Devizes include <a href="Melksham" title="Melksham">Melksham</a>, <a href="Pewsey" title="Pewsey">Pewsey</a>, <a href="Calne" title="Calne">Calne</a> and <a href="Westbury%2C_Wiltshire" title="Westbury, Wiltshire">Westbury</a>.
</p><p>Suburbs of the town include Hartmoor, Jump Farm, Northgate, Nursteed, <a href="Roundway" title="Roundway">Roundway</a>, Southbroom and <a href="Wick%2C_Devizes" title="Wick, Devizes">Wick</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2></div>

<p>Devizes is a <a href="Civil_parishes_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil parishes in England">civil parish</a> with an elected <a href="Town_council" title="Town council">town council</a>. As of 2024, 11 councillors are <a href="Devizes_Guardians" title="Devizes Guardians">Devizes Guardians</a>, 7 <a href="Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservatives</a>, 1 <a href="Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> and 2 Independent.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The parish includes the small settlement of <b>Dunkirk</b>, on the northeastern slopes of the hill, which was transferred from <a href="Rowde" title="Rowde">Rowde</a> parish in 1835.<sup id="cite_ref-vch_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the built-up area of the town, to the north, east, and south, is within the neighbouring civil parish of <a href="Roundway" title="Roundway">Roundway</a>, while a smaller part is in <a href="Bishops_Cannings" title="Bishops Cannings">Bishops Cannings</a> parish, and each of those has its own parish council. In April 2017, Roundway and Devizes elected for the first time a joint parish council; at the same time, adjustments to the boundary with Bishops Canning were made.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The town is within the area of the <a href="Wiltshire_Council" title="Wiltshire Council">Wiltshire Council</a> <a href="Unitary_authorities_of_England" title="Unitary authorities of England">unitary authority</a>, on which the four elected members for Devizes are <a href="Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservatives</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most significant <a href="Local_government" title="Local government">local government</a> services are the responsibility of Wiltshire Council, while the town and parish councils have a more consultative role. Before the <a href="Local_Government_Act_1972" title="Local Government Act 1972">Local Government Act</a> took effect in 1974, Devizes was a <a href="Municipal_borough" title="Municipal borough">municipal borough</a> with its headquarters at <a href="Devizes_Town_Hall" title="Devizes Town Hall">Devizes Town Hall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It then became the administrative centre for the much larger <a href="Kennet_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kennet (district)">District of Kennet</a>, until that was abolished as part of the <a href="2009_structural_changes_to_local_government_in_England" title="2009 structural changes to local government in England">2009 structural changes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The town has four <a href="Wards_and_electoral_divisions_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom">electoral wards</a>. The North and East wards follow the boundaries of the civil parish, while Devizes and Roundway South ward extends southward to include part of the original Roundway parish, the remainder of which makes up the fourth ward, Roundway. The total population of these wards at the <a href="United_Kingdom_Census_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Census 2011">2011 census</a> was 12,491<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but in 2017 with the addition of Roundway as the fourth ward, the population grew to over 17,700.
</p><p>Devizes is part of the <a href="Melksham_and_Devizes_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Melksham and Devizes (UK Parliament constituency)">Melksham and Devizes</a> Westminster constituency, created following boundary changes and first contested at the 2024 general election, when it was won by <a href="Brian_Mathew_(politician)" title="Brian Mathew (politician)">Brian Mathew</a> for the <a href="Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The council has <a href="Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinning associations</a> with <a href="Mayenne_(commune)" title="Mayenne (commune)">Mayenne</a> in France, <a href="Oamaru" title="Oamaru">Oamaru</a> in New Zealand, <a href="Tornio" title="Tornio">Tornio</a> in Finland, and <a href="Waiblingen" title="Waiblingen">Waiblingen</a> in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div>
<p>Devizes has always been a market town and the market square is still used for that purpose every Thursday, and for farmers' markets on the first Saturday of each month.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indoor traders set up each day in the historic Shambles, off the market square.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>There are over 70 independent retailers in the town centre, many around the Market Place, Little Brittox and Brittox (both pedestrianised), and in Sidmouth Street. At the town's wharf on the canal, the <a href="Kennet_and_Avon_Canal_Trust" title="Kennet and Avon Canal Trust">Kennet and Avon Canal Trust</a> has a small museum and cafe.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Construction of the new Devizes Health Centre, a 1,588&nbsp;m<sup>2</sup> (17,090&nbsp;sq&nbsp;ft), two-storey building, began in 2021. This will replace the services at Devizes Community Hospital and provide a range of outpatient and GP services.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2></div>
<p>There is a lively arts and culture community in the town, with the Arts Council funded Devizes International Street Festival attracting thousands to the town for two weeks leading up to August Bank Holiday each year, beginning with a long-standing "confetti battle" where, at a given signal – usually cannons firing confetti hundreds of metres into the air – the public are invited into the Market Place to throw as much confetti as possible at one another.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The annual Devizes Arts Festival has a broad spectrum of musical events, poets and authors, literary talks, comedians and other performers.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each autumn, the Devizes Food and Drink Festival includes opportunities to dine in unusual places.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>There is an active thespian community that performs at the Wharf Theatre, a former warehouse alongside canal.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2></div>
<p>The local radio station is Fantasy Radio, a community radio station that broadcasts on 97 FM.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The <i><a href="Gazette_and_Herald" title="Gazette and Herald">Gazette and Herald</a></i> is the town's local weekly newspaper.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2></div>



<p>In 1857 the <a href="Great_Western_Railway" title="Great Western Railway">Great Western Railway</a> built its <a href="Devizes_branch_line" title="Devizes branch line">Devizes branch line</a> eastward to Devizes, from <a href="Holt_Junction" class="mw-redirect" title="Holt Junction">Holt Junction</a> on its <a href="Chippenham_railway_station" title="Chippenham railway station">Chippenham</a>-<a href="Weymouth_railway_station" title="Weymouth railway station">Weymouth</a> line, to <a href="Devizes_railway_station" title="Devizes railway station">Devizes railway station</a> just south of the market place. In 1862 GWR extended the <a href="Berks_and_Hants_Extension_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Berks and Hants Extension Railway">Reading-Hungerford line</a> westward to meet this line, providing a direct route between <a href="Paddington_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Paddington railway station">Paddington</a> and the <a href="West_Country" title="West Country">West Country</a> through Devizes.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Pans_Lane_Halt_railway_station" title="Pans Lane Halt railway station">Pans Lane Halt</a>, southeast of the town in the suburb of <a href="Wick%2C_Devizes" title="Wick, Devizes">Wick</a>, opened in 1929.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building of a <a href="Stert_and_Westbury_Railway" title="Stert and Westbury Railway">by-pass line through Westbury</a> in 1900 diverted most traffic from the Devizes line and <a href="British_Rail" title="British Rail">British Rail</a> closed it in 1966; the station was demolished soon after.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today the nearest railway stations are at <a href="Melksham_railway_station" title="Melksham railway station">Melksham</a>, Chippenham and <a href="Pewsey_railway_station" title="Pewsey railway station">Pewsey</a>, although as of 2020 there is a proposal to open a station on the Westbury line at <a href="Lydeway" class="mw-redirect" title="Lydeway">Lydeway</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">
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</style><span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> miles (4&nbsp;km) southeast of the town.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Devizes has bus connections to surrounding towns including <a href="Swindon" title="Swindon">Swindon</a> (via <a href="Avebury_(village)" title="Avebury (village)">Avebury</a>), <a href="Trowbridge" title="Trowbridge">Trowbridge</a>, <a href="Salisbury" title="Salisbury">Salisbury</a>, <a href="Bath%2C_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a> and <a href="Chippenham" title="Chippenham">Chippenham</a>, each of which have rail services. Devizes also has a daily <a href="National_Express_Coaches" title="National Express Coaches">National Express</a> coach service to and from London Victoria, via Heathrow Airport. There is a regular bus service to and from <a href="Stonehenge" title="Stonehenge">Stonehenge</a>.
</p><p>Devizes is approximately 15 miles (24&nbsp;km) from the <a href="M4_motorway" title="M4 motorway">M4</a>. Several main roads pass through the town, including the <a href="A360_road" title="A360 road">A360</a>, <a href="A361_road" title="A361 road">A361</a> and <a href="A342_road" title="A342 road">A342</a>.
</p><p>The <a href="Kennet_and_Avon_Canal" title="Kennet and Avon Canal">Kennet and Avon Canal</a> was built under the direction of <a href="John_Rennie_the_Elder" title="John Rennie the Elder">John Rennie</a> between 1794 and 1810, linking Devizes with Bristol and London.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Near Devizes the canal rises 237 feet (72&nbsp;m) by means of 29 locks, 16 of them in a straight line at <a href="Caen_Hill_Locks" title="Caen Hill Locks">Caen Hill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early days the canal was lit by <a href="Gas_lighting" title="Gas lighting">gas lights</a> at night, enabling boats to negotiate the locks at any time of day. The canal fell into disuse after the coming of the railways in the 1840s, but was restored between 1970 and 2003 for leisure uses.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="Kennet_and_Avon_Canal_Trust" title="Kennet and Avon Canal Trust">Kennet and Avon Canal Trust</a> run a museum at The Wharf in Devizes.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town is the starting point of the annual <a href="Devizes_to_Westminster_International_Canoe_Marathon" title="Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon">Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><a href="National_Cycle_Route_4" title="National Cycle Route 4">National Cycle Route 4</a> follows the canal towpath through the town.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2></div>
<p><a href="Devizes_School" title="Devizes School">Devizes School</a>, a secondary school with a sixth form, takes pupils from the town and surrounding area. It is situated in the grounds of the <a href="Southbroom_House" title="Southbroom House">Southbroom House</a> estate and the <a href="Listed_building#Categories_of_listed_building" title="Listed building">Grade II listed</a> house forms its administrative core.
</p><p>Downland School is a Community Special School for boys aged 11–16.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Braeside is an outdoor education centre run by Wiltshire Council.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Devizes has six primary schools: St Joseph's Catholic Primary School, Southbroom St James Academy, Southbroom Infants' School, Wansdyke Community School, Nursteed Community Primary School and The Trinity CofE (VA) Primary School. Nearby is Rowde CofE Primary Academy in the adjacent village of <a href="Rowde" title="Rowde">Rowde</a>.
</p><p>Long Street has had a number of private schools,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> beginning in the 18th century and proliferating in the 19th. <a href="Brownston_House" title="Brownston House">Brownston House</a>, a Grade I listed building, was the home of Miss Bidwell's Ladies Boarding School from 1859 to 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A private Devizes Grammar School was established in Heathcote House in 1874 by the Reverend S.S. Pugh and carried on until 1919 by his twin sons.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The closest third-level institution is the <a href="University_of_Bath" title="University of Bath">University of Bath</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_sites">Religious sites</h2></div>


<p>Devizes has four <a href="Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> <a href="Parish_church" title="Parish church">parish churches</a>, and has had nonconformist congregations since the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-vch-relig_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Church_of_England">Church of England</h3></div>
<p>The two 12th-century churches, St. John's and St. Mary's, are Grade I listed buildings. They serve the parish of St. John with St. Mary which has always had one rector.<sup id="cite_ref-vch-relig_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>St. John's stands close to <a href="Devizes_Castle" title="Devizes Castle">Devizes Castle</a> and may have begun as its chapel. The oldest parts of the building are from 1130, shortly after <a href="Roger%2C_Bishop_of_Salisbury" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger, Bishop of Salisbury">Roger, Bishop of Salisbury</a> rebuilt the castle.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pevsner writes "A major Norman church, dominated by a mighty crossing tower ...".<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The western part of the church was rebuilt in the 15th century. <a href="Victorian_restoration" title="Victorian restoration">restoration</a> was carried out in 1844 and 1862–3, including the west front designed by <a href="William_Slater_(architect)" title="William Slater (architect)">Slater</a>. The ornate Beauchamp south chapel is similar to the 1492 Beauchamp and Tocotes chapel at <a href="Bromham%2C_Wiltshire" title="Bromham, Wiltshire">Bromham</a>; the north Lamb chapel has a fine panelled ceiling. The organ case is late 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>St. Mary's was built in the 12th century to serve the town outside the castle walls. Only the chancel survives, the rest being rebuilt in the 15th century, including the fine west tower. The east window is from 1852, and there was restoration in 1854 (<a href="Richard_Carpenter_(architect)" title="Richard Carpenter (architect)">Carpenter</a> and Slater) and 1875–6. Since c. 2010, St. Mary's Parochial Church Council have been exploring conversion of the church into a performance and community venue.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>

<p>The church of St. James, Southbroom, stands on the edge of the green, next to the pond known as the Crammer. It was a <a href="Chapelry" title="Chapelry">chapelry</a> of St Mary's, <a href="Bishops_Cannings" title="Bishops Cannings">Bishops Cannings</a> until 1832. The civil parish of Bishops Cannings extended as far as the church until 1835, when the boundaries of Devizes borough were expanded.<sup id="cite_ref-vch_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> St. James's is first recorded in 1461. The tower is 15th-century while the body of the church was rebuilt in 1831–2; the east window is by <a href="William_Wailes" title="William Wailes">Wailes</a>. After completion of the <a href="Le_Marchant_Barracks" title="Le Marchant Barracks">Le Marchant Barracks</a> in 1878, St. James's became the garrison church of the <a href="Wiltshire_Regiment" title="Wiltshire Regiment">Wiltshire Regiment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vch-relig_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building is Grade II* listed<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and underwent an internal re-ordering in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today the church is <a href="Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a> in style.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>

<p>St. Peter's Church, west of the town centre, was built in 1865–6 to designs of <a href="William_Slater_(architect)" title="William Slater (architect)">Slater</a> &amp; <a href="Richard_Carpenter_(architect)" title="Richard Carpenter (architect)">Carpenter</a>; the south aisle was added in 1884.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> St Peter's is <a href="Anglo-Catholicism" title="Anglo-Catholicism">Anglo-Catholic</a>, with episcopal oversight by the <a href="Bishop_of_Ebbsfleet" title="Bishop of Ebbsfleet">Bishop of Ebbsfleet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_denominations">Other denominations</h3></div>
<p>The Catholic church of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception was opened in 1865 and extended in 1909.<sup id="cite_ref-vch-relig_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> St. Joseph's Catholic Primary School is adjacent to the church.
</p><p>Maryport Street <a href="Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> Chapel, which was built in 1780 and extended in 1785, 1818, 1864 and 1922,<sup id="cite_ref-vch-relig_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> continues in use.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Salem Chapel, New Park Street, was built in 1838 by a pastor and followers from Maryport Street, who had left because of divisions in the congregation.<sup id="cite_ref-vch-relig_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They rejoined the parent body in 1895 and the building was used by the <a href="Open_Brethren" title="Open Brethren">Open Brethren</a>, later by Devizes Christian Fellowship and (since the mid 1980s) Rock Community Church.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The New Baptist Church was opened in 1852 during the pastorship of <a href="Charles_Stanford_(minister)" title="Charles Stanford (minister)">Charles Stanford</a>. It replaced an adjacent <a href="English_Presbyterianism" title="English Presbyterianism">Presbyterian</a> chapel of 1791, which had been shared with disenchanted Baptist members from Maryport Street.<sup id="cite_ref-vch-relig_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church continues in use as Sheep Street Baptist Church.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>St. Andrew's Church, Long Street, was built as a <a href="Methodist_Church_of_Great_Britain" title="Methodist Church of Great Britain">Methodist</a> chapel in 1898, replacing an earlier chapel at New Park Street.<sup id="cite_ref-vch-relig_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is now a combined Methodist and <a href="United_Reformed_Church" title="United Reformed Church">United Reformed Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The old Methodist Chapel in New Park Street was then used by the Salvation Army for many years until it was demolished. The Salvation Army then raised funds to build a hall on Station Road which opened in 1971; the Scout Hut on Southbroom Road was a temporary home in the late 1960s after the New Park Street hall was condemned. The Corps was closed in the 2010s, membership having dwindled from a peak in the 1970s, ending around one hundred years of association with Devizes.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>A chapel was built at Northgate Street in 1776, at first for <a href="Calvinistic_Methodists" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinistic Methodists">Calvinist Methodist</a> worship, soon becoming <a href="Congregational_Church_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational Church in England">Congregationalists</a>. The building was enlarged in 1790 and extended in Early English style in the mid-19th century, becoming known as St Mary's Congregational Church;<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from 1842 Devizes was the head of the Wiltshire and East Somerset Congregational Union.<sup id="cite_ref-vch-relig_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The congregation joined St. Andrew's around 1987 and the building is now in residential use.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><a href="Quaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker">Quakers</a> have a meeting room at Sussex Wharf, next to the canal.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emergency_services">Emergency services</h2></div>
<p>Devizes is policed by <a href="Wiltshire_Police" title="Wiltshire Police">Wiltshire Police</a>, who have their headquarters on London Road in the town. Policing of Devizes was the responsibility of the City of Salisbury Police until Wiltshire Constabulary was founded in 1839 under the <a href="County_Police_Act_1839" title="County Police Act 1839">County Police Act 1839</a>. It was the first county police force founded in the country, hence its motto 'Primus et Optimus – The First and The Best'. The force is one of the largest employers in the town.
</p><p>The headquarters site also houses the <a href="Emergency_Control_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Emergency Control Centre">emergency control centre</a> for police services in the county, in a building opened in 2003 by the <a href="Wiltshire_Emergency_Services" title="Wiltshire Emergency Services">Wiltshire Emergency Services</a> partnership as a centre for all three emergency services,<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but since 2013 used only by the police.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The headquarters building has housed the office of the <a href="Wiltshire_Police_and_Crime_Commissioner" title="Wiltshire Police and Crime Commissioner">Wiltshire Police and Crime Commissioner</a> since the creation of that post in 2012. <a href="Wiltshire_Air_Ambulance" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiltshire Air Ambulance">Wiltshire Air Ambulance</a> was based at the police headquarters site until 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Healthcare and ambulance response services in Devizes are provided by the <a href="National_Health_Service_(England)" title="National Health Service (England)">National Health Service</a>. <a href="South_Western_Ambulance_Service" title="South Western Ambulance Service">South Western Ambulance Service</a> have an ambulance station in Devizes.
</p><p>Fire and rescue services in Devizes are provided by <a href="Dorset_and_Wiltshire_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorset and Wiltshire Fire and Rescue Service">Dorset and Wiltshire Fire and Rescue Service</a>, who have a fire station with a retained staff. They also have a training centre on the Hopton industrial estate.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2></div>
<p>Each year at Easter the 125 miles (201&nbsp;km) <a href="Devizes_to_Westminster_International_Canoe_Marathon" title="Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon">Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon</a> is held on a course between Devizes and <a href="Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a> in London. First contested in 1948, the event was one of the first to be included on the international race calendar when <a href="Canoe_racing" class="mw-redirect" title="Canoe racing">marathon canoeing</a> gained worldwide popularity in the 1960s.
</p><p>The local <a href="Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> (soccer) team is <a href="Devizes_Town_F.C." title="Devizes Town F.C.">Devizes Town F.C.</a> who play in the <a href="Western_Football_League" title="Western Football League">Western League</a>.
</p><p>The local <a href="Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a> team is Devizes R.F.C.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> founded in 1876, known as the 'Saddlebacks' (after the <a href="Wessex_Saddleback" title="Wessex Saddleback">Wessex Saddleback</a>), who play in the <a href="Regional_2_South_Central" title="Regional 2 South Central">Regional 2 South Central</a> League.
</p><p>Devizes Cricket Club, founded in 1850, play in the Premier tier of the <a href="West_of_England_Premier_League" title="West of England Premier League">West of England Premier League</a>. The ladies team was founded in 2013.
</p><p>Devizes Hockey Club plays in the Premier 1 Hockey League.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Harold_Walter_Bailey" title="Harold Walter Bailey">Sir Harold Walter Bailey</a> (1899–1996), eminent scholar of Khotanese, Sanskrit and the comparative study of Iranian languages</li>
<li><a href="James_Bittner" title="James Bittner">James Bittner</a> (born 1982), professional footballer, played for <a href="Plymouth_Argyle_F.C." title="Plymouth Argyle F.C.">Plymouth Argyle</a></li>
<li><a href="David_Domoney" title="David Domoney">David Domoney</a> (born 1963), Chartered Horticulturalist and television gardener, co-presenter of <i><a href="Love_Your_Garden" title="Love Your Garden">Love Your Garden</a></i></li>
<li><a href="Fanny_Duberly" title="Fanny Duberly">Fanny Duberly</a> (1829–1902), soldier's wife who accompanied her husband during the <a href="Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a> and the <a href="Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Indian Mutiny</a></li>
<li><a href="Paul_Fletcher_(politician)" title="Paul Fletcher (politician)">Paul Fletcher</a> (born 1965), member of the Australian Parliament, former Govt. Minister and, as of 2022, <a href="Manager_of_Opposition_Business_in_the_House_(Australia)" title="Manager of Opposition Business in the House (Australia)">Manager of Opposition Business in the House of Representatives</a>, born at Devizes</li>
<li><a href="A._W._Lawrence" title="A. W. Lawrence">A. W. Lawrence</a> (1900–1991), classical historian and brother of <a href="T._E._Lawrence" title="T. E. Lawrence">T. E. Lawrence</a>, lived in Devizes with fellow archaeologist <a href="Margaret_Guido" class="mw-redirect" title="Margaret Guido">Margaret Guido</a> from 1986.</li>
<li><a href="Daphne_Oram" title="Daphne Oram">Daphne Oram</a> (1925–2003), composer<sup id="cite_ref-:02_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Sir_Thomas_Lawrence" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Thomas Lawrence">Sir Thomas Lawrence</a> (1769–1830), artist.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Simon_May" title="Simon May">Simon May</a> (born 1944), songwriter</li>
<li><a href="Richard_of_Devizes" title="Richard of Devizes">Richard of Devizes</a> (fl. late 12th century), English chronicler.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Clive_Robertson_(actor)" title="Clive Robertson (actor)">Clive Robertson</a> (born 1965), actor</li>
<li><a href="Andy_Scott_(guitarist)" title="Andy Scott (guitarist)">Andy Scott</a> (born. 1949), lead guitarist of the band <a href="The_Sweet" title="The Sweet">Sweet</a></li>
<li><a href="William_Heath_Strange" title="William Heath Strange">William Heath Strange</a> (1837–1907), physician and founder of Hampstead General Hospital, now the <a href="Royal_Free_Hospital" title="Royal Free Hospital">Royal Free Hospital</a></li>
<li><a href="William_Henry_Thomas_Sylvester" title="William Henry Thomas Sylvester">William Sylvester</a> (1831–1920), recipient of the <a href="Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">
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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/southwestengland/admin/wiltshire/E04012689__devizes/">"Devizes (Parish) (E04012689)"</a>. <i>citypopulation.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/the_green_and_crammer_photogalleries.html">Devizes Heritage: The Green and Crammer</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100425040429/http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/the_green_and_crammer_photogalleries.html">Archived</a> 25 April 2010 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120228224818/http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/battle_of_roundway.html">"Battle, Roundway Down 1643"</a>. 28 February 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/battle_of_roundway.html">the original</a> on 28 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/castle.html">Devizes Heritage: Castle</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150216014837/http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/castle.html">Archived</a> 16 February 2015 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Wendell David, <i>Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy</i> (1920)</span>
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<li id="cite_note-vch-relig-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vch-relig_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch-relig_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch-relig_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch-relig_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch-relig_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch-relig_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch-relig_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch-relig_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch-relig_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch-relig_6-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCrittall1975" class="citation web cs1">Crittall, Elizabeth, ed. (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol10/pp285-314">"Victoria County History – Wiltshire – Vol 10 pp285-314 – The borough of Devizes: Religious and cultural history"</a>. <i>British History Online</i>. University of London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Community/Index/77">"Devizes"</a>. <i>Wiltshire Community History</i>. Wiltshire Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2008</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Haycock92-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haycock92_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haycock92_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHaycock2000" class="citation book cs1">Haycock, Lorna (2000). <i>Devizes</i> (2&nbsp;ed.). Stroud, England: Tempus. p.&nbsp;92. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<bdi>0-7524-2159-X</bdi>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1249366" class="citation web cs1">Historic England. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1249366?section=official-list-entry">"Devizes Castle including Glass House and Garden Walls encircling west side of mound (1249366)"</a>. <i>National Heritage List for England</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-vch_trade-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vch_trade_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch_trade_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCrittall1975" class="citation web cs1">Crittall, Elizabeth, ed. (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol10/pp252-285">"Victoria County History – Wiltshire – Vol 10 pp252-285 – The borough of Devizes: Trade, agriculture and local government"</a>. <i>British History Online</i>. University of London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thisiswiltshire.co.uk/news/7396709.new-twist-on-bizarre-moral-tale-for-all-time/">"New twist on bizarre moral tale for all time"</a>. <i>This Is Wiltshire</i>. 27 September 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWaylen1859" class="citation book cs1">Waylen, James (1859). "Sudden Death of Ruth Pierce". <i>A history military and municipal of the ancient borough of The Devizes</i>. London: Longman. p.&nbsp;388. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/655429760">655429760</a>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Haycock (2000: 48)</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Community/Index/20">"Bishops Cannings"</a>. <i>Wiltshire Community History</i>. Wiltshire Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGraham1886" class="citation book cs1">Graham, Henry (1886). "The Formation of the Regiment". <i>The Annals of the Yeomanry Cavalry of Wiltshire</i>. Harvard University. p.&nbsp;13.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304061011/http://www.army.mod.uk/armoured/regiments/30100.aspx">"Royal Wessex Yeomanry"</a>. <i>British Army Website</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mod.uk/armoured/regiments/30100.aspx">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/the_old_bridewell_devizes.html">Devizes Heritage: The Old Bridewell</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527141618/http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/the_old_bridewell_devizes.html">Archived</a> 27 May 2010 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/devizes_prison_the_county_house_of_correctio.html">Devizes Heritage: Devizes Prison the County House of Corrections</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100611112822/http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/devizes_prison_the_county_house_of_correctio.html">Archived</a> 11 June 2010 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trustfordevizes.info/group_activity/blue_plaque_scheme">"The Blue Plaque Scheme"</a>. The Trust for Devizes<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1250423" class="citation web cs1">Historic England. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1250423?section=official-list-entry">"17, Market Place (1250423)"</a>. <i>National Heritage List for England</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1250362" class="citation web cs1">Historic England. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1250362?section=official-list-entry">"The Market Cross (1250362)"</a>. <i>National Heritage List for England</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/brownston_house_2.html">Devizes Heritage: Brownston House</a> </span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/heathcote_house.html">Devizes Heritage: Heathcote House</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111009083455/http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/heathcote_house.html">Archived</a> 9 October 2011 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trustfordevizes.info/112%20Final%20Web.pdf">Trust for Devizes newsletter</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110125012635/http://www.trustfordevizes.info/112%20Final%20Web.pdf">Archived</a> 25 January 2011 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/southbroom_house_devizes.html">Devizes Heritage: Southbroom House</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111009084156/http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/southbroom_house_devizes.html">Archived</a> 9 October 2011 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.wiltshiremuseum.org.uk/">https://www.wiltshiremuseum.org.uk/</a> Museum website</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wiltshiremuseum.org.uk/assizes/">"Assizes for Devizes: Unlocking Wiltshire's Stories"</a>. <i>Wiltshire Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140528023606/http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/le_marchant_barracks_devizes-_1939-1945.html">"Le Marchant Barracks"</a>. Devizes Heritage. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/le_marchant_barracks_devizes-_1939-1945.html">the original</a> on 28 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazetteandherald.co.uk/news/11438739.Second_time_for_Devizes_cross/?ref=var_0">"Second time for Devizes cross"</a>. <i>Gazette &amp; Herald</i>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.devizes-tc.gov.uk/your-councillors/">"Your Councillors"</a>. <i>Devizes Town Council</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-vch-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vch_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCrittall" class="citation web cs1">Crittall, Elizabeth (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol10/pp225-252">"Victoria County History – Wiltshire – Vol 10 pp225-252 – The borough of Devizes: Town, castle and estates"</a>. <i>British History Online</i>. University of London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2016" class="citation web cs1">Moore, Joanne (31 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazetteandherald.co.uk/news/14833838.Two_become_one_in_council_merger/">"Two become one in council merger"</a>. <i>The Wiltshire Gazette and Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cms.wiltshire.gov.uk/">"Your Councillors"</a>. <i>Wiltshire Council</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1262331" class="citation web cs1"><a href="Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1262331?section=official-list-entry">"Town Hall (1262331)"</a>. <i><a href="National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210629202914/https://cms.wiltshire.gov.uk/documents/s148176/Council_Size_Submission_Mar_18.pdf">"Electoral Review"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Wiltshire Council. 1 March 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cms.wiltshire.gov.uk/documents/s148176/Council_Size_Submission_Mar_18.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 29 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadAreaSearch.do?a=7&amp;r=1&amp;i=1001&amp;m=0&amp;enc=1&amp;areaSearchText=devizes&amp;areaSearchType=14&amp;extendedList=true&amp;searchAreas=">"Three Devizes wards – 2011 Census"</a>. <i>Neighbourhood Statistics</i>. Office for National Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.devizes-tc.gov.uk/civic-life/twinning?highlight=WyJ0d2luIiwidHdpbm5pbmciLCJ0d2lubmVkIl0=">"Twinning"</a>. <i>devizes-tc.gov.uk</i>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizes-twinning.org.uk">"Welcome to the Devizes and District Twinning Association Website"</a>. <i>devizes-twinning.org.uk</i>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:0-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.devizesmarkets.org.uk/">"Welcome"</a>. <i>Devizes Shambles &amp; Outdoor Markets</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://katrust.org.uk/attractions/">"Attractions"</a>. <i>Kennet and Avon Canal Trust</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.buildingbetterhealthcare.com/news/article_page/Work_starts_on_integrated_health_centre_in_Wiltshire/177534/cn164706">"Work starts on integrated health centre in Wiltshire"</a>. Building Better Healthcare. 1 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.docadevizes.org.uk/street-festival/">"International Street Festival"</a>. <i>Devizes Outdoor Celebratory Arts</i>. 31 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.devizesartsfestival.org.uk/">"Devizes Arts Festival"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.devizesfoodanddrinkfestival.info/">"Devizes Food and Drink Festival"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wharftheatre.co.uk/">"Wharf Theatre Devizes"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fantasyradio.co.uk/about/">"Fantasy Radio for Devizes"</a>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCrittall" class="citation web cs1">Crittall, Elizabeth (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol4/pp280-293">"Victoria County History – Wiltshire – Vol 4 pp280-293 – Railways"</a>. <i>British History Online</i>. University of London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOakley2004" class="citation book cs1">Oakley, Mike (2004). <i>Wiltshire Railway Stations</i>. Wimborne: The Dovecote Press. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">51–</span>55. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<bdi>1-904349-33-1</bdi>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2020" class="citation web cs1">Moore, Joanne (23 May 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gazetteandherald.co.uk/news/18471454.devizes-wins-government-cash-train-station-project/">"Devizes wins Government cash for train station project"</a>. <i>The Wiltshire Gazette and Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCrittall" class="citation web cs1">Crittall, Elizabeth (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol4/pp272-279">"Victoria County History – Wiltshire – Vol 10 pp272-279 – Canals"</a>. <i>British History Online</i>. University of London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canalrivertrust.org.uk/canals-and-rivers/places-to-visit/caen-hill-locks">"Caen Hill Locks | Places to visit"</a>. <i>canalrivertrust.org.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.photographers-resource.co.uk/a_heritage/canals/LG/Devizes_locks.htm">"Devizes locks"</a>. <i>www.photographers-resource.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://katrust.org.uk/things-to-do/museum/">"Visit our museum"</a>. <i>Kennet &amp; Avon Canal Trust</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dwrace.co.uk/info">"Race Info"</a>. <i>DW Race</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.connectingwiltshire.co.uk/getting-around/cycling/cycle-maps-routes/sustrans-national-cycle-network/">"Sustrans National cycle network"</a>. <i>Connecting Wiltshire</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.education.gov.uk/edubase/establishment/establishmentdetails.xhtml?urn=126550">"Downland School"</a>. <i>EduBase</i>. Department for Education<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rightchoice.wiltshire.gov.uk/Services/4016">"Braeside Education &amp; Conference Centre"</a>. <i>Wiltshire Council: Right Choice</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/private_school_41_long_street_devizes.html">Devizes Heritage: Private Schools at 41 Long Street Devizes</a> – now the home of the <a href="Wiltshire_Heritage_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiltshire Heritage Museum">Wiltshire Heritage Museum</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111009083923/http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/private_school_41_long_street_devizes.html">Archived</a> 9 October 2011 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/bidwell_ladies_school.html">Devizes Heritage: Bidwell Ladies School</a> </span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/devizes_grammar_school.html">Devizes Heritage: Devizes Grammar school</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111009083530/http://www.devizesheritage.org.uk/devizes_grammar_school.html">Archived</a> 9 October 2011 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Church/Details/451">"Church of St. John the Baptist, Devizes"</a>. <i>Wiltshire Community History</i>. Wiltshire Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPevsnerCherry1975" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Nikolaus_Pevsner" title="Nikolaus Pevsner">Pevsner, Nikolaus</a>; Cherry, Bridget (revision) (1975) [1963]. <i>Wiltshire</i>. <a href="Pevsner_Architectural_Guides#Buildings_of_England" title="Pevsner Architectural Guides">The Buildings of England</a> (2nd&nbsp;ed.). Harmondsworth: <a href="Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a>. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">205–</span>6. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<bdi>0-14-0710-26-4</bdi>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1262359" class="citation web cs1">Historic England. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1262359?section=official-list-entry">"Church of St John the Baptist (1262359)"</a>. <i>National Heritage List for England</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stmarydevizestrust.org.uk/">"St. Mary Devizes Trust"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1263715" class="citation web cs1">Historic England. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1263715?section=official-list-entry">"Church of St James (1263715)"</a>. <i>National Heritage List for England</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150813214022/http://www.st-james-devizes.org.uk/index.php/history-of-st-james/history-of-st-james">"History of St James"</a>. <i>St James' Church</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.st-james-devizes.org.uk/index.php/history-of-st-james/history-of-st-james">the original</a> on 13 August 2015 – via Internet Archive.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stjamesdevizes.org/">"ST JAMES"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110905085337/http://stjamesdevizes.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1263777" class="citation web cs1">Historic England. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1263777?section=official-list-entry">"Church of St Peter (1263777)"</a>. <i>National Heritage List for England</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rockcomchurch.org.uk/">"Rock Community Church"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.standrewsdevizes.org.uk/">"St Andrew's Church"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">personal recollections of a fourth generation family member associated with the Corps</span>
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<li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1262633" class="citation web cs1">Historic England. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1262633?section=official-list-entry">"St Mary's Congregational Church (1262633)"</a>. <i>National Heritage List for England</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/wiltshire/3265095.stm">"Control centre opens after dispute"</a>. <i>BBC News: England</i>. 12 November 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://saddlebacks.intheteam.com/modules/page/page.aspx?pc=452">Devizes R.F.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080324190518/http://saddlebacks.intheteam.com/modules/page/page.aspx?pc=452">Archived</a> 24 March 2008 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171012173032/http://www.woeswhockey.com/">"Premier 1 Hockey League"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.woeswhockey.com/">the original</a> on 12 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:02-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:02_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1">"The Woman from New Atlantis". <i><a href="The_Wire_(magazine)" title="The Wire (magazine)">The Wire</a></i>. August 2011.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Lawrence, Sir Thomas"><a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Lawrence,_Sir_Thomas">"Lawrence, Sir Thomas"&nbsp;</a></span>. <i><a href="Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol.&nbsp;16 (11th&nbsp;ed.). 1911. p.&nbsp;308.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDavis1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="Henry_William_Carless_Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry William Carless Davis">Davis, Henry William Carless</a> (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Richard of Devizes"><a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Richard_of_Devizes">"Richard of Devizes"&nbsp;</a></span>. <i><a href="Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol.&nbsp;23 (11th&nbsp;ed.). p.&nbsp;298.</cite></span>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>
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<div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> has media related to:<br>
<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Devizes" class="extiw external" title="commons:Devizes"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Devizes</span></a> (<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Devizes" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Devizes">category</a>)</div></div>
</div>
<ul><li><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Devizes"><a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Devizes">"Devizes"&nbsp;</a></span>. <i><a href="Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol.&nbsp;8 (11th&nbsp;ed.). 1911. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">123–</span>124.</cite></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.devizes.org.uk/">Devizes</a> – for visitors and residents</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.devizes-tc.gov.uk/">Devizes Town Council</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.wiltshire.gov.uk/communityhistory/Community/Index/77">Devizes</a> at Wiltshire Community History</li></ul>
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</style><div id="Devizes74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suburbs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Wick%2C_Devizes" title="Wick, Devizes">Wick</a></li>
<li><a href="Roundway" title="Roundway">Roundway</a></li>
<li>Hartmoor</li>
<li>Jump Farm</li>
<li>Nursteed</li>
<li>Southbroom</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="History_of_Devizes" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Devizes">History of Devizes</a></li>
<li><a href="Devizes_branch_line" title="Devizes branch line">Devizes branch line</a></li>
<li><a href="Devizes_railway_station" title="Devizes railway station">Devizes railway station</a></li>
<li><a href="Devizes_(HM_Prison)" class="mw-redirect" title="Devizes (HM Prison)">Devizes Prison</a></li>
<li><a href="Devizes_Prosecution_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Devizes Prosecution Society">Devizes Prosecution Society</a></li>
<li><a href="Morgan's_Hill" title="Morgan's Hill">Devizes wireless station</a></li>
<li><a href="Battle_of_Roundway_Down" title="Battle of Roundway Down">Battle of Roundway Down</a></li>
<li><a href="Roundway_Park" title="Roundway Park">Roundway Park</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places of interest</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Devizes_Castle" title="Devizes Castle">Devizes Castle</a></li>
<li><a href="Caen_Hill_Locks" title="Caen Hill Locks">Caen Hill Locks</a></li>
<li><a href="Kennet_and_Avon_Canal" title="Kennet and Avon Canal">Kennet and Avon Canal</a></li>
<li><a href="Roundway_Down_and_Covert" title="Roundway Down and Covert">Roundway Down and Covert</a></li>
<li><a href="Wadworth_Brewery" title="Wadworth Brewery">Wadworth Brewery</a></li>
<li><a href="Devizes_White_Horse" title="Devizes White Horse">Devizes White Horse</a></li>
<li><a href="Wiltshire_Museum" title="Wiltshire Museum">Wiltshire Museum</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Danny_Kruger" title="Danny Kruger">Danny Kruger</a> MP</li>
<li><a href="Devizes_Guardians" title="Devizes Guardians">Devizes Guardians</a></li>
<li><a href="Wiltshire_Council" title="Wiltshire Council">Wiltshire Council</a></li>
<li><a href="Kennet_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kennet (district)">Kennet District Council</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="St_Peter's_Church%2C_Devizes" title="St Peter's Church, Devizes">St. Peter's</a></li>
<li>St. John's</li>
<li>St. James'</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Devizes_School" title="Devizes School">Devizes School</a></li>
<li><a href="Devizes_Town_F.C." title="Devizes Town F.C.">Devizes Town F.C.</a></li>
<li><a href="Devizes_to_Westminster_International_Canoe_Marathon" title="Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon">Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon</a></li>
<li><a href="Green_Lane_Hospital%2C_Wiltshire" title="Green Lane Hospital, Wiltshire">Green Lane Hospital</a></li>
<li><a href="Mayor_of_Devizes" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Devizes">Mayor of Devizes</a></li>
<li><a href="Wiltshire_Police" title="Wiltshire Police">Wiltshire Police</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Twin towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Mayenne_(commune)" title="Mayenne (commune)">Mayenne</a></li>
<li><a href="Oamaru" title="Oamaru">Oamaru</a></li>
<li><a href="Tornio" title="Tornio">Tornio</a></li>
<li><a href="Waiblingen" title="Waiblingen">Waiblingen</a></li>
<li><a href="Baja%2C_Hungary" title="Baja, Hungary">Baja</a></li>
<li><a href="Jesi" title="Jesi">Jesi</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ceremonial_county_of_Wiltshire275" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist vcard mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ceremonial_county_of_Wiltshire275" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="category"><a href="Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></span> of <span class="fn org region"><a href="Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unitary authorities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Borough_of_Swindon" title="Borough of Swindon">Swindon</a></li>
<li><a href="Wiltshire_(district)" title="Wiltshire (district)">Wiltshire</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major settlements<br>(cities in italics)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Amesbury" title="Amesbury">Amesbury</a></li>
<li><a href="Bradford-on-Avon" title="Bradford-on-Avon">Bradford-on-Avon</a></li>
<li><a href="Calne" title="Calne">Calne</a></li>
<li><a href="Chippenham" title="Chippenham">Chippenham</a></li>
<li><a href="Corsham" title="Corsham">Corsham</a></li>
<li><a href="Cricklade" title="Cricklade">Cricklade</a></li>

<li><a href="Highworth" title="Highworth">Highworth</a></li>
<li><a href="Larkhill" title="Larkhill">Larkhill</a></li>
<li><a href="Ludgershall%2C_Wiltshire" title="Ludgershall, Wiltshire">Ludgershall</a></li>
<li><a href="Malmesbury" title="Malmesbury">Malmesbury</a></li>
<li><a href="Marlborough%2C_Wiltshire" title="Marlborough, Wiltshire">Marlborough</a></li>
<li><a href="Melksham" title="Melksham">Melksham</a></li>
<li><a href="Mere%2C_Wiltshire" title="Mere, Wiltshire">Mere</a></li>
<li><a href="Royal_Wootton_Bassett" title="Royal Wootton Bassett">Royal Wootton Bassett</a></li>
<li><i><a href="Salisbury" title="Salisbury">Salisbury</a></i></li>
<li><a href="Swindon" title="Swindon">Swindon</a></li>
<li><a href="Tidworth" title="Tidworth">Tidworth</a></li>
<li><a href="Trowbridge" title="Trowbridge">Trowbridge</a></li>
<li><a href="Warminster" title="Warminster">Warminster</a></li>
<li><a href="Westbury%2C_Wiltshire" title="Westbury, Wiltshire">Westbury</a></li>
<li><a href="Wilton%2C_Wiltshire" title="Wilton, Wiltshire">Wilton</a><br><i>See also:</i> <b><a href="List_of_civil_parishes_in_Wiltshire" title="List of civil parishes in Wiltshire">List of civil parishes in Wiltshire</a></b></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="River_Biss" title="River Biss">Biss</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Blackwater_(River_Test)" title="River Blackwater (River Test)">Blackwater</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Bourne%2C_Wiltshire" title="River Bourne, Wiltshire">Bourne</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Avon%2C_Bristol" title="River Avon, Bristol">Bristol Avon</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Chalke" title="River Chalke">Chalke</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Cole%2C_Wiltshire" title="River Cole, Wiltshire">Cole</a></li>
<li><a href="Damson_Brook" title="Damson Brook">Damson</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Ebble" title="River Ebble">Ebble</a></li>
<li><a href="Fonthill_Lake" title="Fonthill Lake">Fonthill Brook</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Avon%2C_Hampshire" title="River Avon, Hampshire">Hampshire Avon</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Kennet" title="River Kennet">Kennet</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Key" title="River Key">Key</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Nadder" title="River Nadder">Nadder</a></li>
<li><a href="Nine_Mile_River%2C_Wiltshire" title="Nine Mile River, Wiltshire">Nine Mile</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Og" title="River Og">Og</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Sem" title="River Sem">Sem</a></li>
<li><a href="Tetbury_Avon" title="Tetbury Avon">Tetbury Avon</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Thames" title="River Thames">Thames</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Till%2C_Wiltshire" title="River Till, Wiltshire">Till</a></li>
<li><a href="River_Wylye" title="River Wylye">Wylye</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Kennet_and_Avon_Canal" title="Kennet and Avon Canal">Kennet and Avon</a></li>
<li><a href="Wilts_%26_Berks_Canal" title="Wilts &amp; Berks Canal">Wilts &amp; Berks</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Economy_of_Wiltshire" title="Economy of Wiltshire">Economy</a></li>
<li><a href="Flag_of_Wiltshire" title="Flag of Wiltshire">Flag</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_parliamentary_constituencies_in_Wiltshire" class="mw-redirect" title="List of parliamentary constituencies in Wiltshire">Parliamentary constituencies</a></li>
<li><a href="Wiltshire_Council_elections" title="Wiltshire Council elections">Local elections</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_places_in_Wiltshire" title="List of places in Wiltshire">Places</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_settlements_in_Wiltshire_by_population" title="List of settlements in Wiltshire by population">Population of major settlements</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_in_Wiltshire" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Wiltshire">SSSIs</a></li>
<li>Country houses</li>
<li><a href="List_of_Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_Wiltshire" title="List of Grade I listed buildings in Wiltshire">Grade I listed buildings</a></li>
<li><a href="Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_Wiltshire" title="Grade II* listed buildings in Wiltshire">Grade II* listed buildings</a></li>
<li><a href="Scheduled_monuments_in_Wiltshire" title="Scheduled monuments in Wiltshire">Scheduled monuments</a></li>
<li><a href="History_of_Wiltshire" title="History of Wiltshire">History</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_monastic_houses_in_Wiltshire" title="List of monastic houses in Wiltshire">Monastic houses</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_schools_in_Wiltshire" title="List of schools in Wiltshire">Schools</a></li>
<li><a href="Lord_Lieutenant_of_Wiltshire" title="Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire">Lords Lieutenant</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_deputy_lieutenants_of_Wiltshire" title="List of deputy lieutenants of Wiltshire">Deputy Lieutenants</a></li>
<li><a href="High_Sheriff_of_Wiltshire" title="High Sheriff of Wiltshire">High Sheriffs</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_museums_in_Wiltshire" title="List of museums in Wiltshire">Museums</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_hill_figures_in_Wiltshire" title="List of hill figures in Wiltshire">Hill figures</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026699#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1055" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026699#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1055" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Authority control databases </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/155993492">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvd7MQwWgVkjff4Tm8t8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4493517-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84202009">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007559796305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/e41bfedb-0704-44e6-9979-7f403c95a897">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lux.collections.yale.edu/view/place/57c11d5f-35f5-4c61-9fcb-3e9aeca8277a">Yale LUX</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
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